Copyright Philippine News Agency. Privacy Policy Terms of Use. Toggle navigation GOV. Share Share. Related Stories. First QC election on Nov. One of the most notable places in Manila that reminds us of the war is the Intramuros.
While Luneta Park, also known as Bagumbayan, was the place where Dr. Jose Rizal was shot. One of these people is none other than Dr. Jose Rizal. He was born in Calamba, Laguna and spent his early childhood there.
In Laguna, he learned a lot of things and grew up to be a bright young boy thanks to his family, especially his mother Teodora Alonso. Fast forward to his adult life, Rizal quickly emerged as a leading Propagandist. Andres Bonifacio, along with seven comrades of the Katipunan who included Emilio Jacinto, hiked the mountain and found the cave, which was a suitable hideout and meeting place.
Q: Why is Independence Day important in the Philippines? A: Celebrating a happy independence day every June 12 in the Philippines is important to the Filipino people because this is the time where the country has gained independence from the hundreds of years of colonialism. Q: When is Philippine Independence declared? However, a commonly overlooked fact is that there are many events in which Filipinos or their colonizers declared independence in the Philippines.
Q: When is Araw ng Kalayaan date? A: The Araw ng Kalayaan date is June 12, Q: Who proclaimed the Philippine independence? There were mutterings that Philippine independence be delayed, owing to the unsettled conditions after the war, but this would mean political suicide to those seeking office. And so independence would take place as planned, on July 4, The post-war Philippine Commonwealth faced severe problems not anticipated before the war.
Land reform, reopening of schools, reconstruction, trials of suspected collaborators with the Japanese, recognizing and compensating veterans, restarting the economy, restoring trade, attracting investment—these and more had to be dealt with in the last months of the Philippine Commonwealth government. The government was now more strongly reliant on the United States, more so than before the war.
External defense would now be too costly for the cash-strapped government. Thus the presence of US bases could be seen as mutually beneficial. McNutt, who had served in that position in the late s.
Secretary of State Harold Ickes insisted that the Philippines take a hard line on alleged collaborators—something that would be difficult to do due to the many issues involved. Ickes threatened to withhold assistance if the government did not punish those who had reneged on their oaths of loyalty to the United States.
US Signal Corps photograph from the collection of Dr. He sponsored a bill granting what he felt were sufficient funds for rehabilitation. On a personal visit to the Philippines, however, he found out that earlier estimates had been underestimated, and that more funds were needed. The Bell Trade bill sought to extend the free trade relations between the United States and the Philippines for another eight years, after which tariffs would be gradually imposed for 20 years.
Bell insisted that to convince Americans to invest in the Philippines they had to be given the same rights as Filipinos. This necessitated amending the Philippine constitution, which limited land ownership, access to natural resources, among others, to Filipino citizens and majority Filipino-owned corporations.
The parity amendment would thus become a requisite for receiving the bulk of the rehabilitation aid in the Tydings bill. Other issues that emerged on the eve of independence. In February , President Truman signed the Rescission Law, which denied most Filipino veterans of benefits due them, voiding their service in the US armed forces. A strong US military presence remained in early , with the 86th Infantry Division in full strength, prepared to protect American interests.
With World War II over, many of its members felt their duty was done and rallied to be sent home. But there was discontent brewing in the provinces, with long agrarian issues remaining unsolved. Many military bases were still in US hands, and negotiations as to which would be kept after Philippine independence were begun.
As set in the Tydings-McDuffie Act, the United States would maintain bases even after Philippine independence to protect American interests in the region.
As the date of independence approached, a multitude of problems had to be solved. Amidst the disunity, tension, and uncertainty of the immediate post-war Philippines, there had to be a final election for the Commonwealth. While Roxas had participated in the defense of the Philippines, he had also served in the Japanese-sponsored government under Jose P. To some he was tainted with collaboration and might bring other collaborators back to power. Roxas won the election of April , but by only a slim margin, garnering some 54 percent of the votes cast.
He took his oath of office on May 28, , in a temporary stage built in front of the ruins of the Legislative Building, as the third and last president of the Philippine Commonwealth. As Roxas took office, conservative congressmen ousted more liberal legislators on unfounded charges.
It marked a split between peasant leaders who were open to pursuing change in the government and conservatives who felt threatened by them. On the eve of Philippine independence, left-leaning peasant and labor groups threatened to secede and launch a rebellion, reacting to the blatant politicization of the congress.
This was a big international event, but the Philippines did not yet have a Department of Foreign Affairs. It had to rely on the US government for much of the preparations. May saw the start of a flurry of events to plan out the final days of the Commonwealth and prepare for Independence Day. A joint Filipino-American committee was formed to iron out details. The Manila Hotel, which had been gutted during the Battle of Manila, was cleaned up and prepared for gala events.
Invitations were issued to distinguished guests from the United States and various countries. President Truman was invited, but he declined, owing to pressure of work.
Independence related contests were launched—for an appropriate poster, essay, poem, and hymn. A US flag was to be hand-sewn by past and present Philippine first ladies, to be presented to President Truman.
Commemorative postage stamps, medals, and other souvenirs were issued. The stage and grandstand were built in front of the iconic memorial of the Philippine national hero, Jose Rizal, in Luneta Park. A large arch was erected near it, in front of the Manila Hotel, to welcome visitors. As the month of July began, so did the numerous events and preparations to climax in Philippine Independence on July 4. Private homes and government buildings were decorated.
Bands paraded and gave concerts. Distinguished visitors from the US and other countries arrived. It consisted of the flagship USS Bremerton , two aircraft carriers, two cruisers, and seven destroyers. Hannegan, former Governor General Francis B. Harrison, and others. Communist-linked movements were beginning to threaten the post-war order. On July 3, the Philippine Congress accepted the Bell Trade Act and authorized President Roxas to sign an executive agreement with the US laying the groundwork for formal negotiations and mutual recognition.
That same day, Roxas and McNutt visited the commander of Task Force 77 on his flagship; later they recorded messages to be broadcast nationwide and to the United States. McNutt hosted a reception at his official residence and capped the day with a formal dinner in honor of Roxas at the Manila Hotel. Thursday, July 4 , was a cloudy, sunless day.
It was the rainy season in the Philippines, but this did not dampen the excitement building up towards the Philippine independence ceremony. Religious services were held in the various churches of Manila and provincial capitals, cities, and towns.
Guests began arriving at the venue shortly before in the morning. Dignitaries arrived from ; the crowd craned their necks to get a glimpse of Gen. A bugle sounded, and the audience rose to welcome President Roxas and his wife at With McNutt serving as emcee, the program began at precisely am.
The Rt. Robert F. Wilmer, ranking Protestant in the Philippines, gave the invocation. McNutt then introduced the speakers; there were wild cheers for Senator Tydings and Gen.
As he began speaking, a heavy downpour drenched the audience, but they braved the rain. Long live the Republic of the Philippines. May God bless and prosper the Philippine People, keep them safe and free. President Roxas, pulling on the same cord, began raising the Philippine flag, to the accompaniment of the Philippine National Anthem, played by the Philippine Army Band.
As the Philippine flag fluttered from the top of the flagpole, United States, Australian, Portuguese, and Thai warships in the bay fired a gun salute. Church bells throughout the Philippines rang and a whistle announced that the Philippines was now independent.
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