There is no room for extra kinds of mysterious particles clinging, aura-like, to the matter in a spoon. And if there were a kind of particle that interacted with the ordinary particles in the spoon strongly enough to stick to the spoon, we could easily make it in experiments.
The rules of quantum field theory directly relate the interaction rates of particles to the ease with which we can create them in the lab, given enough energy. And we know exactly how much energy is available in a spoon; we know the masses of the atoms, and the kinetic energy of thermal motions within the metal. Taken together, we can say without any fear of making a mistake that any new particles that might exist within a spoon would have been detected in experiments long ago.
Again: imagine you have invented a new kind of particle relevant to the dynamics of spoons. Tell me its mass, and its interactions with ordinary matter. If it is sufficiently light and strongly interacting, it will have been created and captured many times over in experiments we have already done.
There is no middle ground. We completely understand the regime of spoons, notwithstanding what you heard in The Matrix. In the context of quantum field theory, we know precisely how forces arise: through the exchange of quantum fields. We know that only two kinds of fields exist: bosons and fermions.
We know that macroscopic forces only arise from the exchange of bosons, not of fermions; the exclusion principle prohibits fermions from piling up in the same state to create a coherent long-range force field. And, perhaps most importantly, we know what forces can couple to: the properties of the matter fields that constitute an object. This is where the previous point comes in. Spoons are just a certain arrangement of five kinds of elementary particles — up and down quarks, gluons, electrons, and photons.
Once you tell me how many electrons etc. Of course, we have worked hard to discover different forces in nature, and so far we have identified four: gravitation, electromagnetism, and the strong and weak nuclear forces. But the nuclear forces are very short-range, smaller than the diameter of an atom. Gravitation and electromagnetism are the only detectable forces that propagate over longer distances.
Could either gravitation or electromagnetism be responsible for bending spoons? In the case of electromagnetism, it would be laughably easy to detect the kind of fields necessary to exert enough force to influence a spoon.
Not to mention that the human brain is not constructed to generate or focus such fields. But the real point is that, if it were electromagnetic fields doing the spoon-bending, it would be very very noticeable.
And the focus would be on influencing magnets and circuits, not on bending spoons. In the case of gravitation, the fields are just too weak.
A bowling ball would be more efficient, and most people would agree that moving a bowling ball past a spoon has a negligible effect. Could there be a new force, as yet undetected by modern science?
Of course! Therefore, the less physical energy that would have to be exerted on an object to physically move it, the more obvious the effect should be. For this reason, laboratory experiments often focus on rather mundane feats such as trying to make dice land on a certain number at an above-chance rate, or influencing a computerized random number generator. Because of this change in methodologies, psychokinesis experiments rely more heavily on complex statistical analyses; the issue was not whether a person could bend a spoon or knock a glass over with their minds, for example, but whether they could make a coin come up heads significantly above 50 percent of the time over the course of 1, trials.
The idea of people being able to move objects through mind power alone has intrigued people for centuries, though only in the late s was it seen as an ability that might be scientifically demonstrated. Though many people were convinced — including, ironically, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the creator of Sherlock Holmes — it was all a hoax. Fraudulent psychics resorted to trickery, using everything from hidden wires to black-clad accomplices to make objects appear to move untouched.
As the public slowly grew wise to the faked psychokinesis, the phenomenon faded from view. It was revived again in the s and s, when a researcher at Duke University named J. Rhine became interested in the idea that people could affect the outcome of random events using their minds. Rhine began with tests of dice rolls, asking subjects to influence the outcome through the power of their minds.
Though his results were mixed and the effects were small, they were enough to convince him that there was something mysterious going on. Unfortunately for Rhine, other researchers failed to duplicate his findings, and many errors were found in his methods. In the s, Uri Geller became the world's best-known psychic and made millions traveling the world demonstrating his claimed psychokinetic abilities, including starting broken watches and bending spoons.
The caveat? For its part, the Flayer looked on from its Upside Down domain, watching the Snow Ball dance and keeping an eye on those meddlesome kids. No conclusive evidence was ever found to support telekinetic abilities. Again, these efforts have been unsuccessful. So maybe moving objects with our minds is out of reach right now — but what about in the future? Could the next stages of human evolution include PK abilities?
From a purely biological standpoint, probably not. As noted by Psychology Today , technology could help bridge the gap between mind and matter by leveraging brain-computer interfaces BCIs to allow direct control over computers and other connected devices without the need for tactile or voice interaction.
Mind-meld emails might seem unimpressive but could pave the way for a brave new world of telekinetic powers. Bottom line? Being on the forefront of change, especially regarding space, physics, and engineering has been part of the Northrop Grumman culture for generations.
Click here to search jobs in these areas of scientific innovation. A new study reveals details about a species of prehistoric rhino that lived in the Tibetan plateau.
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